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Comprehensive Treatment Information for Canadian Dermatologists
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Fungal Infections - Patient's guide
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Clotrimazole
Azole: a broad spectrum antifungal developed in 1967. It was one of the first azoles to be developed. Formulations are now generic in a number of countries.
It is effective against Candida albicans and the dermatophytes. Its action is fungistatic or fungicidal, depending upon the concentration used.
This azole drug is available in a variety of dosage forms, including oral lozenges and vaginal formulations. It is also available in a variety of combinations with antibiotics and corticosteroids.
Trade Name:
- Canesten* Bayer
- Mycelex* Bayer
- Desenex* Novartis
Oral:
- Lozenges: Clotrimazole 10 mg Mycelex*
- Topical: Cream: Clotrimazole 1% Desenex* Lotrimin*
- Lotion: Clotrimazole 1% Desenex* Lotrimin*
- Solution: Clotrimazole 1% Desenex*
Used for
- Tinea corporis
- Tinea cruris
- Tinea pedis
- Pityriasis versicolor
- Cutaneous candidiasis
- Nail and skin infections, fungal or gram positive
Therapeutic Regimen
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Adult |
Pediatric |
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Dermatomycoses |
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Safety Information
- Avoid applying dressings that seal the area
- Elevated liver function tests have been observed in patients using Clotrimazole lozenges.
Side Effects
Local cutaneous effects may include irritation, hypersensitivity, burning, pruritus, erythema, fissuring, or swelling.
FDA Pregnancy Category C
Oral formulation shows toxicity in animal trials. Use is not recommended during pregnancy or lactation.
Mechanism of Action / Pharmacokinetics
Clotrimazole damages the fungal cell wall and alters the permeability. It also inhibits the activity of intracellular enzymes, leading to a buildup of toxic concentrations of hydrogen peroxide within the fungal cell, causing death of the cell. Systemic absorption is minimal.
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INTRODUCTION
Penlac is the first topical anti-fungal preparation approved specifically for the treatment of onychomycosis. The product was available for use in Canada in... | Read more ... -
DRUG
Ciclopiroxs' mechanism of action is fungicidal by affecting intracellular metabolic processes reducing the organisms ability to process nutrients and detoxify toxic metabolites... | Read more ... -
DELIVERY SYSTEM
Ciclopirox is incorporated into a clear nail lacquer at an 8% concentration which is applied directly onto the nail plate.This transungual delivery system is unique allowing... | Read more ... -
PHARMACOKINETICS
The penetration of ciclopirox through the nail plate is well documented by invitro studies utilizing cow horn and sheep and bovine nailplate. Studies of penetration in human finger and... | Read more ... -
APPLICATION TECHNIQUE
Ciclopirox nail lacquer (Penlac) is applied evenly by brush to the entire nail plate including the undersurface at the distal end and at the sites of onycholysis... | Read more ... -
CLINICAL EFFICACY
The two pivotal US trials were double blind placebo controlled trials involving 549 patients randomized 1:1, placebo:drug who applied ciclopirox daily for 48 weeks to their great toenails... | Read more ... -
SAFETY
The data gathered from clinical trials and post-marketing reports have not shown any significant systemic side effects related to the topical application of Penlac nail lacquer... | Read more ... -
PATIENT SELECTION
In my experience, the patients most likely to have the best experience and be most successful with the use of Penlac are... | Read more ...
View the entire Penlac® (Ciclopirox) presentation.
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Last modified: Tuesday, 17-Aug-2010 12:02:33 MDT